İngilizce Fiiller
İngilizce dilbilgisinin önemli bir parçası olan fiiller, cümlenin eylemini ifade eden kelimelerdir. Fiiller, cümlede öznenin yaptığı, yaptığı, yaptığı veya yaptığı eylemi belirtir.
İngilizce fiilleri iki ana gruba ayırabiliriz:
- Düzenli fiiller (regular verbs): Bu fiiller, belli kurallara göre belli takılar alır. Örneğin, “to walk” (yürümek) fiilinin çekimi şu şekildedir:
Present simple: I walk, you walk, he/she/it walks, we walk, you walk, they walk
Present continuous: I am walking, you are walking, he/she/it is walking, we are walking, you are walking, they are walking
Past simple: I walked, you walked, he/she/it walked, we walked, you walked, they walked
Past continuous: I was walking, you were walking, he/she/it was walking, we were walking, you were walking, they were walking
Present perfect: I have walked, you have walked, he/she/it has walked, we have walked, you have walked, they have walked
Present perfect continuous: I have been walking, you have been walking, he/she/it has been walking, we have been walking, you have been walking, they have been walking
Past perfect: I had walked, you had walked, he/she/it had walked, we had walked, you had walked, they had walked
Past perfect continuous: I had been walking, you had been walking, he/she/it had been walking, we had been walking, you had been walking, they had been walking
Future simple: I will walk, you will walk, he/she/it will walk, we will walk, you will walk, they will walk
Future continuous: I will be walking, you will be walking, he/she/it will be walking, we will be walking, you will be walking, they will be walking
Future perfect: I will have walked, you will have walked, he/she/it will have walked, we will have walked, you will have walked, they will have walked
Future perfect continuous: I will have been walking, you will have been walking, he/she/it will have been walking, we will have been walking, you will have been walking, they will have been walking
- Düzensiz fiiller (irregular verbs): Bu fiiller, herhangi bir kurala uymaz ve çekimlerinde farklı şekiller alır. Örneğin, “to go” (gitmek) fiilinin çekimi şu şekildedir:
Present simple: I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, you go, they go
Present continuous: I am going, you are going, he/she/it is going, we are going, you are going, they are going
Past simple: I went, you went, he/she/it went, we went, you went, they went
Past continuous: I was going, you were going, he/she/it was going, we were going, you were going, they were going
Present perfect: I have gone, you have gone, he/she/it has gone, we have gone, you have gone, they have gone
Present perfect continuous: I have been going, you have been going, he/she/it has been going, we have been going, you have been going, they have been going
Past perfect: I had gone, you had gone, he/she/it had gone, we had gone, you had gone, they had gone
Past perfect continuous: I had been going, you had been going, he/she/it had been going, we had been going, you had been going, they had been going
Future simple: I will go, you will go, he/she/it will go, we will go, you will go, they will go
Future continuous: I will be going, you will be going, he/she/it will be going, we will be going, you will be going, they will be going
Future perfect: I will have gone, you will have gone, he/she/it will have gone, we will have gone, you will have gone, they will have gone
Future perfect continuous: I will have been going, you will have been going, he/she/it will have been going, we will have been going, you will have been going, they will have been going
İngilizce fiillerin çekimlerinde kullanılan zamanları şu şekilde sıralayabiliriz:
- Present simple (Geniş zaman): Gerçekleşen, gerçekleşen veya sürekli gerçekleşen eylemleri ifade eder